Wire-guided cannulation over a pancreatic stent method increases the need for needle-knife precutting ın patients with difficult biliary cannulations

Background and Aims: Cannulation of the major papilla can be problematic, and selective biliary cannulation may fail in up to 18% of cases. Various techniques, such as double-guidewire technique (DGWT), wire-guided cannulation over a pancreatic stent (WGC-PS), the precut endoscopic sphincterotomy (needle-knife precutting technique (NKP), and transpancreatic septostomy have been used to improve the success rate of biliary cannulation. We conducted a prospective, randomized study in order to compare the biliary cannulation success rates of DGWT and WGC-PS techniques in patients with inadvertent passage of guidewire to the pancreatic duct. Methods: A total of 100 patients were included in the study and randomized to DGWT (n = 50) or WGC-PS (n = 50) groups. The primary outcome was successful selective cannulation, defined as deep cannulation with selective injection of radiographic contrast material into the common bile duct within 5 minutes by DGW or WGC-PS techniques without performing precut sphincterotomy. Results: Successful selective cannulation was achieved in 45 patients in the DGWT group (90%) and in 27 patients in the WGC-PS group (54%) (P <.001). Five patients (10%) in the DGWT group and 23 (46%) in the WGC-PS group required NKP for biliary access (P <.001). The overall cannulation rate was 98% for DGWT and 98% for WGC-PS (P = 1.00). Conclusions: In patients with unintentional passage of a guidewire into the pancreatic duct during biliary cannulation attempts, the WGC-PS technique significantly increased the need for NKP compared with DGWT.