Validation of a simple multi-body head-and-neck model for efficient rear impact simulations

In this study, a 50th percentile male head-and-neck model which was developed using a multi-body dynamics approach, is validated by using data from JARI (Japanese Automobile Research Institute) rear impact sled tests conducted with 12 male volunteers in normal driving posture on a rigid seat without head restraint and seatbelt. This simple head-and-neck model was previously validated at a sled impact speed of 8 km/h. In this paper, the head-and-neck model is further validated at a sled impact speed of 6.2 km/h using recently published experimental data. The head-and-neck model can be used to simulate efficiently rear impacts and the resulting whiplash associated disorders in road traffic accidents. The results show that the model can represent successfully the rear impact response of a human head-and-neck system.