Early post-transplant recurrence of amyloidosis in a patient with familial Mediterranean fever

Familial Mediterranean fever is the most common hereditary auto-inflammatory disease characterized by a recurrent attack of fever and serositis. Untreated patients frequently develop AA type of amyloidosis which results in end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Renal transplantation is the preferred renal replacement modality for these patients. Recurrence of amyloidosis in the graft is possible but generally requires several years after transplantation. We herein present a patient with an unexpected early recurrence of AA type amyloidosis secondary to familial Mediterranean fever in graft kidney despite regular colchicine prophylaxis.