The Development of Adult Education

The concept of andragogy, first introduced by German educator Alexander Kapp in 1833, was later popularized by American educator Malcolm Knowles in the mid- 20th century. Andragogy is defined as a learner- centered approach in adult education, where adults are viewed as autonomous and responsible for their own learning. This approach leverages the experiences of adult learners, integrating them into the educational process to enhance relevance and engagement. Adult education is typically problem- centered, focusing on knowledge and skills with immediate practical applications in personal and professional contexts. As a fundamental aspect of lifelong learning, adult education supports continuous development throughout an individual’s life. It is delivered across various settings, including formal institutions, workplaces, and community organizations, and encompasses a wide range of subjects from basic literacy to advanced professional training. Adult education is designed to meet the diverse needs of adult learners.