FEMİNİST BİYOETİK YAKLAŞIMLA YARDIMCI ÜREME TEKNİKLERİNE BAKIŞ

Reproduction is still a source of social status for women. In addition, fertility is a tool that makes sexuality visible and legitimizes women’s sexuality. While motherhood is glorified on the one hand, the “cancellation” of the sexuality and therefore femininity of women who do not have the ability to bear children or who have lost this ability also shows the individual and social impact of fertility. The capitalism underlying biomedical technology and IVF technology is reflected in women as the desire to “have” their own children in every situation. Each of the outputs of new reproductive technologies proceeds directly through the use of the female body. Women are at the center of the aforementioned discussions due to the medical interventions made on their bodies and being a part of the mother-child bond as the direct addressees of the practices. Assisted reproductive technologies include the dimensions of the medicine/technology relationship, the ethical and legal dimensions of the subject in the context of what is possible/permitted, and the feminist bioethical discussions carried out on the female body. The use of these technologies also creates change and transformation in fertility and the values attributed to women. In this context, the article will first convey the historical and sociological process related to assisted reproductive techniques. Bioethical discussions regarding the use of surplus human embryos obtained during the IVF-ET (In Vitro Fertilization-Embryon Transfer) process will be discussed. How to approach new reproductive techniques in terms of bioethical principles will be explained. In this context, postmenopausal motherhood and surrogacy issues will be discussed. After evaluating the legal situation in our country, a discussion will be held on the subject in terms of feminist bioethics and the mother archetype.