Fabrication and Functionalization Strategies of MOFs and their Derived Materials “MOF Architecture”

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted great interest because of their significant properties like a designable structure, controllable morphology, high porosity, high surface area, surface functionality, optical, electrical, and magnetic properties. These properties have achieved excellent interest in designing and fabricating functional MOFs for potential applications. This chapter briefly surveys the fabrication and functionalization strategies of MOFs and their derived materials. The effects of the construction agents (metal nodes, secondary building units, organic linkers), the synthesis techniques (solvothermal and hydrothermal method, microwave synthesis, electrochemical method, mechanochemical synthesis, sonochemical synthesis, diffusion method, and template method), the synthesis conditions (reaction time and temperature, cooling rate, and pressure) and the constitutions (metal source, concentration of reagents, solvents, additives, and pH) were summarized.