Effects of multiple shapes of the nanoparticles on the hybrid nanofluid flow of Al2O3–Cu/kerosene oil + transformer oil over a vertical cylinder with stagnation point

This research discusses the computational study of the effects of multiple shapes of the hybrid nanofluid flow over a vertical cylinder with a stagnation point. The objective of this study is to examine the impact of hybrid nanoparticles (Al2O3–Cu) on the consistent (50–50%) layer flow of two distinct fluids, such as transformer oil and kerosene oil, when they are uniformly submerged over a shrinking vertical cylinder. This study considers three different shapes: cylinder, brick and blade. Partial differential equations (PDEs) were used to create a hybrid nanofluid computational model for this purpose. After that, similarity conversion was used to transform these partial differential equations into ordinary differential equations, which were then numerically solved. The mathematical model was solved using MATLAB’s well-known solver (bvp4c). For various nanoparticle forms, the investigation shows that magnetic strength causes a 15% drop in fluid velocity and a 20% increase in temperature. It is shown that the velocity field rises for different hybrid nanoparticle shapes by increasing the volume proportions and the curvature parameter K. The temperature for various shapes decreases when the curvature parameter k and the volume proportion of both nanoparticles are used. However, the Eckert number Ec and the thermal radiation parameter Rd show the reverse effect. In particle forms, the skin friction coefficient increases by 12%, while the Nusselt number increases by 10% as the Prandtl number is increased.