Advanced sensors for implantable devices

Recent years have seen a transformative evolution in implantable medical devices, driven by the integration of advanced sensors. This shift not only expands device capabilities but also introduces novel ways to monitor and manage health conditions. In this chapter, an introductory section offers a broad overview of nanoscale, microelectromechanical system (MEMS) sensors, and optical sensors. The following discussion concentrates specifically on their applications in clinical contexts, including cardiovascular uses such as the discussion of implantable cardiac monitors for rhythm management. Subsequently, it explores diabetes management with implantable glucose monitors and insulin delivery systems. Diving into advanced applications, the chapter examines neural implants and brain–computer/machine interface devices. In essence, this exploration serves as a gateway into the dynamic world of advanced sensors for implantable medical devices, offering insights into their present applications and paving the way for a future where these technologies redefine the landscape of patient care.